Inkinga yempahla isaqhubeka nokubekela inselelo izinkampani ezikhiqiza utshwala - ubhiya osemathinini, iwayini le-ale/malt, amahops. I-Carbon dioxide ingenye into engekho. Izinkampani ezikhiqiza utshwala zisebenzisa i-CO2 eningi esizeni, kusukela ekuthutheni ubhiya kanye namathangi okuhlanza ngaphambili kuya emikhiqizweni ye-carbonation kanye nokufaka amabhodlela ubhiya ongasalungiswa emakamelweni okunambitha. Ukukhishwa kwe-CO2 sekuye kwehla cishe iminyaka emithathu manje (ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene), ukunikezwa kulinganiselwe futhi ukusetshenziswa kubiza kakhulu, kuye ngokuthi isizini nesifunda.
Ngenxa yalokhu, i-nitrogen ithola ukwamukelwa okwengeziwe nokuvelela ezindaweni ezikhiqiza utshwala njengenye indlela ye-CO2. Njengamanje ngisebenzela indaba enkulu mayelana nokushoda kwe-CO2 nezinye izindlela ezihlukahlukene. Cishe isonto eledlule, ngaxoxisana no-Chuck Skepek, umqondisi wezinhlelo zokuphisa utshwala ngobuchwepheshe be-Brewers Association, owayenethemba elikhulu mayelana nokwanda kokusetshenziswa kwe-nitrogen ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zokuphisa utshwala.
"Ngicabanga ukuthi kunezindawo lapho i-nitrogen ingasetshenziswa khona ngokuphumelelayo [esitsheni sokuphuza utshwala]," kusho u-Skypack, kodwa futhi uxwayisa ngokuthi i-nitrogen "iziphatha ngendlela ehluke kakhulu. Ngakho awushintshi nje enye ngeyodwa." futhi silindele ukuba nokusebenza okufanayo.”
I-Boston-based Dorchester Brewing Co. ikwazile ukudlulisa imisebenzi eminingi yokuphisa, ukupakisha kanye nokuphakela i-nitrogen. Inkampani isebenzisa i-nitrogen njengenye indlela ngoba izimpahla ze-CO2 zendawo zilinganiselwe futhi ziyabiza.
“Ezinye zezindawo ezibaluleke kakhulu lapho sisebenzisa khona i-nitrogen kusemishinini yokufaka amathini kanye ne-capping yokuphephetha amathini nokufaka igesi,” kusho uMax McKenna, uMphathi Omkhulu Wezokumaketha e-Dorchester Brewing. “Lokhu umehluko omkhulu kithina ngoba lezi zinqubo zidinga i-CO2 eningi. Sibe nolayini ozinikele wobhiya be-nitro empompini isikhashana manje, ngakho-ke nakuba uhlukile kunezinye izinguquko, futhi muva nje ususiwe emugqeni wethu wobhiya be-nitro fruity lager [Summertime ] Ukuqhubekela ku-Nitro emnandi ye-Winter stout [isiqalo se-ayisikhilimu yasendaweni nozakwethu we-icemond. i-stout ebizwa ngokuthi "I-Nutless". Sisebenzisa ijeneretha ye-nitrogen ekhethekile ekhiqiza yonke i-nitrogen yethaveni - ngomugqa we-nitro ozinikele kanye nengxube yethu kabhiya.
Amajeneretha e-nitrogen ayindlela ethokozisayo yokukhiqiza i-nitrogen esizeni. Isitshalo sokubuyisela i-nitrogen esinejeneretha sivumela indawo yokuphuza utshwala ukuthi ikhiqize inani elidingekayo legesi ye-inert ngokwayo ngaphandle kokusebenzisa isikhutha esibizayo. Yiqiniso, i-equation yamandla ayikaze ibe lula kangako, futhi yonke indawo yokuphisa utshwala idinga ukuthola ukuthi izindleko zejeneretha ye-nitrogen zifanelekile yini (njengoba kungekho ukushoda kwezinye izingxenye zezwe).
Ukuze siqonde amandla okwenza i-nitrogen ezimbonini zokuphisa utshwala, sibuze uBrett Maiorano noPeter Asquini, Abaphathi Bokuthuthukiswa Kwebhizinisi Legesi Yezimboni ze-Atlas Copco, imibuzo embalwa. Nakhu okunye abakutholile.
I-Maiorano: Sebenzisa i-nitrogen ukuze ugcine umoya-mpilo ungangeni ethangini lapho ulihlanza phakathi kokusetshenziswa. Ivimbela i-wort, ubhiya kanye ne-mash eyinsalela ukuthi i-oxidizing futhi ingcolise iqoqo elilandelayo likabhiya. Ngezizathu ezifanayo, i-nitrogen ingasetshenziswa ukudlulisa ubhiya usuka kwelinye ithini uye kwelinye. Ekugcineni, ezigabeni zokugcina zenqubo yokuphisa, i-nitrogen iyigesi ekahle yokuhlanza, ukufaka kanye nokucindezela izikebhe, amabhodlela namathini ngaphambi kokugcwalisa.
I-Asquini: Ukusetshenziswa kwe-nitrogen akuhlosiwe ukuvala ngokuphelele i-CO2, kodwa sikholelwa ukuthi abaphisi botshwala banganciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwabo cishe ngama-70%. Umshayeli oyinhloko ukusimama. Kulula kakhulu kunoma yimuphi umenzi wewayini ukuthi azenzele eyakhe i-nitrogen. Ngeke usasebenzisa amagesi abamba ukushisa, okungcono emvelweni. Izokhokha kusukela ngenyanga yokuqala, okuzothinta ngokuqondile umphumela wokugcina, uma ingabonakali ngaphambi kokuba uyithenge, ungayithengi. Nansi imithetho yethu elula. Ukwengeza, isidingo se-CO2 senyuke kakhulu ukukhiqiza imikhiqizo efana neqhwa elomile, elisebenzisa inani elikhulu le-CO2 futhi elidingekayo ukuthutha imigomo. Abadidiyeli botshwala e-US bakhathazekile ngamazinga okuphakela futhi bayangabaza ikhono labo lokuhlangabezana nesidingo sabaphisi botshwala kuyilapho begcina amanani ezinzile. Lapha sifingqa izinzuzo ze-PRICE…
U-Asquini: Sihlekisa ngokuthi izindawo eziningi zokuphisa utshwala sezivele zinawo ama-air compressor, ngakho-ke umsebenzi usuwenziwe ngo-50%. Okufanele bakwenze ukufaka ijeneretha encane. Empeleni, ijeneretha ye-nitrogen ihlukanisa ama-molecule e-nitrogen kuma-molecule e-oksijini emoyeni ocindezelwe, okwenza ukutholakala kwe-nitrogen ehlanzekile. Enye inzuzo yokudala umkhiqizo wakho ukuthi ungakwazi ukulawula izinga lenhlanzeko edingekayo esicelweni sakho. Izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi zidinga ukuhlanzeka okuphezulu okungu-99.999, kodwa ezinhlelweni eziningi ungasebenzisa i-nitrogen emsulwa ephansi, okuholela ekongeni okukhulu nakakhulu kumugqa wakho ophansi. Ukuhlanzeka okuphansi akusho izinga eliphansi. Yazi umehluko...
Sinikeza amaphakheji ayisithupha ajwayelekile ahlanganisa u-80% wabo bonke abaphisa utshwala kusukela emiphongolweni eyizinkulungwane ezimbalwa ngonyaka ukuya kumakhulu ezinkulungwane zemiphongolo ngonyaka. Indawo ekhiqiza utshwala ingakhuphula amandla ejeneretha zayo ze-nitrogen ukuze ikwazi ukukhula kuyilapho igcina ukusebenza kahle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umklamo we-modular uvumela ukungezwa kwejeneretha yesibili uma kwenzeka ukwanda okuphawulekayo kwendawo yokuphuza utshwala.
U-Asquini: Impendulo elula ilapho kunesikhala. Amanye amajeneretha e-nitrogen amancane aze agibele odongeni ukuze angathathi ndawo nhlobo. Lezi zikhwama zibamba kahle ukushisa kwe-ambient ezishintshayo futhi zimelana kakhulu nokuguquguquka kwezinga lokushisa. Sinamayunithi angaphandle futhi asebenza kahle, kodwa ezindaweni ezinamazinga okushisa aphezulu kakhulu naphansi, sincoma ukuthi uwafake endlini noma wakhe iyunithi encane yangaphandle, kodwa hhayi ngaphandle lapho izinga lokushisa le-ambient liphezulu. Zithule kakhulu futhi zingafakwa phakathi nendawo yokusebenza.
UMajorano: Ijeneretha isebenza ngempela ngomgomo othi "uyibeke futhi uyikhohlwe." Ezinye izinto ezisebenzisekayo, njengezihlungi, zidinga ukushintshwa ngokungajwayelekile, kodwa ukugcinwa kwangempela ngokuvamile kwenzeka cishe njalo emahoreni angu-4,000. Ithimba elifanayo elinakekela i-compressor yakho yomoya lizophinde linakekele i-generator yakho. Ijeneretha iza nesilawuli esilula esifana ne-iPhone yakho futhi inikeza wonke amathuba okuqapha okukude ngohlelo lokusebenza. I-Atlas Copco iyatholakala futhi ngokubhaliselwe futhi ingaqapha wonke ama-alamu nanoma yiziphi izinkinga amahora angu-24 ngosuku, izinsuku ezingu-7 ngesonto. Cabanga ngendlela umhlinzeki wakho we-alamu yasekhaya esebenza ngayo, futhi i-SMARTLINK isebenza ngendlela efanayo—ngaphansi kwamadola ambalwa ngosuku. Ukuqeqeshwa kungenye futhi enkulu. Isibonisi esikhulu nedizayini enembile kusho ukuthi ungaba uchwepheshe phakathi nehora.
I-Asquini: Ijeneretha encane ye-nitrogen ibiza cishe u-$800 ngenyanga ngohlelo lokuqashisa ngeminyaka emihlanu lokuqashisa. Kusukela enyangeni yokuqala, inkampani yotshwala ingonga kalula cishe ingxenye yesithathu yokusetshenziswa kwayo kwe-CO2. Ukutshalwa kwezimali okuphelele kuzoncika ekutheni uyayidinga yini i-compressor yomoya, noma ukuthi i-air compressor yakho ekhona inezici namandla okukhiqiza i-nitrogen ngesikhathi esisodwa.
I-Majorano: Kuningi okuthunyelwe ku-inthanethi mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwe-nitrogen, izinzuzo zayo kanye nomthelela ekususweni komoyampilo. Isibonelo, njengoba i-CO2 isindayo kune-nitrogen, ungase ufune ukuphephetha usuka phansi esikhundleni saphezulu. I-oxygen encibilikisiwe [DO] inani lomoya-mpilo ohlanganiswe oketshezini ngesikhathi sokuphiswa. Wonke ubhiya uqukethe umoya-mpilo oncibilikisiwe, kodwa lapho futhi kanjani ubhiya ugaywa phakathi naphakathi nokuvutshelwa, lokhu kungase kuthinte inani lomoya-mpilo oncibilikisiwe kubhiya. Cabanga nge-nitrogen noma i-carbon dioxide njengezithako zenqubo.
Khuluma nabantu abanezinkinga ezifana nezakho, ikakhulukazi uma kuziwa ezinhlotsheni zikabhiya abaphisi botshwala. Phela, uma i-nitrogen ikulungele, baningi abahlinzeki nobuchwepheshe ongakhetha kubo. Ukuze uthole ekufanele, qiniseka ukuthi uqonda ngokugcwele izindleko zakho zobunikazi [izindleko eziphelele zobunikazi] futhi uqhathanise izindleko zamandla nezokulungisa phakathi kwamadivayisi. Ngokuvamile uzothola ukuthi leyo oyithenge ngentengo ephansi kakhulu ayikusebenzeli empilweni yakho yonke.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-29-2022